Gerbil Basics

The gerbils commonly kept as pets originated in Mongolia. They come in a variety of colors and are approximately 4 inches in length with a tale of just about the same length. With proper care, gerbils generally have a lifespan of 3 to 4 years. Because, unlike hamsters, they are not nocturnal, gerbils fit more easily into typical human routines. While gerbils can make playful and interesting pets, in certain situations they can be problematic and are not recommended for households with children under 7. Although these animals do not usually bite, having them interact with children untrained in gentle handling techniques is asking for trouble. Adults should be careful with these delicate creatures as well. Gerbils should never be lifted by their tails as this may result in serious injury.

Home Environment

Because gerbils are naturally sociable creatures, it is a good idea to adopt two, preferably from the same litter. Adopting and housing a male and a female together, however, is unwise since gerbils procreate rapidly.

One or two gerbils are comfortable in a 10-tank with a wire mesh cover. Be aware that curiosity and a high energy level may prompt pet gerbils to attempt to escape, so their cage should be fastened securely. The area in which gerbils are housed should be temperate, away from drafts and direct sunlight. The floor of the tank should be lined with aspen shavings or timothy hay which are comfortable for the animal and absorbent. Pine or cedar shavings should not be used for gerbil bedding because these emit fumes that may be harmful to the pets.

Since gerbils enjoy hiding and sleeping in enclosed spaces, their home environment should provide durable tubes and containers large enough for them to enter and exit. A smooth clean stone for climbing and exploration is also a good idea. Gerbils are also eager to tunnel and tear and will be kept happily amused with a supply of newspaper or cardboard to shred.

Diet

In addition to a staple diet of well-balanced commercial gerbil seed mix, gerbils require small amounts of fresh vegetables and fresh fruits ever few days. Favorites with gerbils are carrots, lettuce, turnips, broccoli, bananas and apples. Each new food should be introduced gradually in case of an adverse reaction. Sunflower seeds are a good addition as well, although these should be dispensed sparingly due to their high fat content. Foods that should not be given to gerbils include: cabbage, potatoes, onions, uncooked beans, chocolate, junk food or candy.

Clean fresh water should always be available through an inverted bottle with an attached drinking tube.

Exercise

Exercise is necessary to maintaining a gerbil's health. Toys and exercise wheels sold at pet stores are appropriate for gerbils, but be careful to avoid giving gerbils any device in which its long tail can become trapped. Toys will be much appreciated, but avoid those made of soft plastic or cardboard since the gerbil's teeth will penetrate them too readily.

Since gerbils are rodents, their teeth grow continuously so they must be supplied with things to gnaw on. Always providing the gerbil with a sterilized bone or twig to chew on will fulfill the animal's needs for dental exercise, dental hygiene, and busywork all at the same time.

Hygiene

It is important to a gerbil's overall health that it live in clean surroundings.The animal's litter should be changed frequently to ensure that it's dry and free of odor, and its environment should be kept free of droppings and decaying food. Once a week, the gerbil's cage should be completely scrubbed and dried and its bedding replaced.

Veterinary Care

Gerbils, like all pets, should be examined by a veterinarian upon adoption and at regular intervals. Signs of an unhealthy gerbil include:

Sneezing
Difficulty breathing
Lethargy
Diarrhea
Scratching